What Is Excessive Police Force During Arrest?

Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley, P.C.Civil Rights

police car lightsPolice officers in New York City occasionally need to use reasonable force to protect themselves and the public. Where problems arise is when that force is not reasonable, but is instead excessive. Excessive force amounts to police brutality, and is not just a civil liability issue but also a violation of constitutional rights. So when is use of force by the police excessive?

Reasonable v. excessive force

Reasonable force by police is that which is necessary to apprehend and arrest a suspect. Once the force goes beyond that, it is potentially excessive.

Whether out of anger, frustration, or some other reason, police sometimes step well outside the bounds of necessary force and commit acts such as:

  • Beating a suspect after he has been handcuffed
  • Using impermissible means of restraint like choke-holds
  • Using pepper spray as a punishment rather than a form of self-defense
  • Hitting or kicking the suspect’s face
  • Shooting an unarmed suspect

Whether an officer’s use of force was excessive is a very fact-specific determination.

Factors in determining whether police force was excessive

Some of the factors courts will look at in determining whether the police used more force than necessary include:

  • The severity of the alleged crime
  • Whether the suspect resisted arrest or attempted to flee
  • Whether the suspect was considered dangerous

Cops are required to act reasonably based on what they know at the time of the arrest, so the factors are aimed at determining what would be reasonable. For someone who has been arrested, a New York police brutality lawyer can help determine whether a situation constituted excessive force.

What is the recourse for police excessive force?

Civil lawsuits against the officers, their superiors, or the police department are used to hold them accountable. Legal claims may include assault and battery, negligence, and civil rights violations.

There have been several high-profile cases in which victims of police brutality have recovered multi-million dollar awards after police exceeded their authority and caused physical harm. Most recently, in late October 2018, a man from Long Island City, Rudy Collins, filed an excessive force lawsuit against the NYPD over an incident that occurred in 2017. Collins, a 25-year-old youth basketball coach stopped for coffee on his way to game when he was stopped by NY officers who questioned where he was going, where he was coming from, and refusing to explain why they were questioning him. Collins alleges that despite his cooperation, the officers beat him, handcuffed him, and even twisted his genitals before detaining him for several hours without explanation.

How an NYC police brutality lawyer can help

Victims of excessive police force can face a number of unpleasant experiences, from physical trauma to emotional pain, fear, and embarrassment. The New York City police brutality attorneys at Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb & Green understand the effects that this kind of mistreatment can leave behind and are here to help fight for just compensation. Call today to schedule a confidential consultation.

Additional NYC police excessive force resources:

  1. ABC7NY, Exclusive: Queens man files lawsuit, accuses NYPD of excessive force, https://abc7ny.com/video-queens-man-accuses-nypd-of-excessive-force/4591093/
  2. gov, Police Officer Misconduct, https://portal.311.nyc.gov/

5 Ways to Keep Your Teenagers Safe Behind the Wheel

Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley, P.C.Automobile Accident

teenage girl driver with car keysAccording to statistics from the National Safety Council, half of all adolescents will be involved in a car accident before they finish high school. Getting a driver’s license is a rite a passage for teenagers, but just because they are legally able to get behind the wheel doesn’t mean they are safe drivers. Good driving skills take time, practice and patience to build, but beyond setting a good example, what can you do to keep your kids safe on the road?

The following are steps parents can take to help instill safe driving habits in their teenagers.

Practice, practice and more practice

You can guide your teen to becoming a safer driver by letting him or her practice under your supervision. Aim to spend at least a few hours each week on different types of roads under different traffic conditions. Use this time to teach your teen the essentials of defensive driving. This includes maintaining a safe distance from the vehicle in front, adjusting driving behavior according to weather conditions and remaining aware of surroundings for the unexpected.

Put the brakes on speeding

An estimated 31 percent of all traffic fatalities involve speeding, and per mile driven, teenagers are nearly three times more likely than adults to be involved in a fatal motor vehicle accident. Emphasize the dire consequences of excess speed when behind the wheel, explaining that arriving a few minutes early isn’t worth the risk of one’s life.

No cell phone use and no texting

Most teens are glued to their smart phones, and if yours is a voracious texter and talker, it’s time to lay down the law or revoke driving privileges. Texting is one of the most dangerous types of distracted driving, and according to a survey published in the Journal of Adolescent Health, a whopping 40 percent of American teenagers admit to texting while driving. Studies have suggested that texting and driving is almost equally as hazardous as drunk driving. Ensure your teen knows that cell phones should only be used when the car is safely stopped in a parking lot.

Monitor performance with driving apps

Your teen may promise to be a distraction-free driver, but if you have doubts there are several apps that track what they do and don’t do while behind the wheel. Some apps monitor acceleration, speed and braking, while others automatically mute text messages and calls until the destination has been reached.

Sign a teen driving contract

Create a driving contract that details baseline rules in addition to penalties for violating those rules and have your teenager sign the contract at the very start. There are several variations of these available for download on the Internet, which cover basics like always wearing a seat belt, never using a cell phone while driving, or driving while under the influence of drugs or alcohol.

Car accident representation in New York and Long Island

If your teenager or a loved one is involved in a crash, an experienced car accident attorney can be an invaluable resource. Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley can help accident victims understand their rights and secure the money damages to which they are entitled. Contact us today to schedule a free case review with car accident lawyers New York and Long Island residents have come to trust.

Additional Resources:

  1. Journal of Adolescent Health, Texting/Emailing While Driving Among High School Students in 35 States https://www.jahonline.org/article/S1054-139X(18)30250-7/fulltext
  2. Healthy Children, Behind the Wheel: How to Help Your Teen Become a Safe Driver https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/teen/safety/Pages/Behind-the-Wheel-Helping-Teens-Become-Safe-Drivers.aspx
  3. YourTeenMag, Keeping Your Teen Drivers Safe Behind The Wheel https://yourteenmag.com/teenager-school/teens-high-school/parents-teen-driving/tuesday-tips-better-teen-driver

How Much Is My Slip and Fall Case Worth?

Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley, P.C.Premises Liability, Slip And Fall Injuries

gavel and money: personal injury settlementThe rules for premises liability accidents in New York State are well established. If you suffer an injury when you are lawfully on another person’s property, the property owner is liable if his or her negligence caused the injury. Negligence and liability can be established, for example, by showing that the owner was aware of a defect or dangerous condition on the property and did nothing about it. The more critical element of a slip and fall lawsuit is determining the monetary damages that are owed to the injured party.

The slip and fall accident attorneys at Manhattan’s Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb & Green rely on our many years of experience to recover the largest possible damages awards for our clients who are injured on another person’s property in Manhattan and throughout New York City and Long Island. We have negotiated with countless insurance companies to force them to consider all of the financial losses suffered by an injured party. When those insurance companies persist with unreasonable settlement offers, we take our client’s cases to trial to fight for the full amount of compensation that they are owed to help them recover from their injuries.

Common Financial Damages in a Slip and Fall Accident Case

Your slip and fall accident can lead to injuries and financial losses that go well beyond your immediate medical expenses.

Those losses might include:

  • Past, present, and future medical bills. You might need physical therapy or multiple surgeries to remediate injuries you suffered in your slip and fall accident, or your injuries might flare up after you thought you were recovered. Our experienced slip and fall accident attorneys have a thorough understanding of the entire scope and ramifications of slip and fall injuries and the future medical costs you are likely to incur.
  • Lost wages and earning power. If you are unable to work for an extended period of time because of your injuries, you can lose substantial amounts of regular income and be passed over for promotions and greater income opportunities.
  • Extra expenses. Your transportation expenses might go up as you shuttle back and forth to doctors and therapists. You might have higher medication and other costs that you would not have incurred but for your injuries. We factor all of these costs and expenses and more into your case.
  • Non-economic “pain and suffering” damages. New York State does not place a cap on these damages, but the State’s laws will reduce damages awards in proportion to an injured party’s own responsibility for the accident and injuries. The pain and suffering damages that you are entitled to will depend upon the specific facts of your case.
  • Other lost value. Beyond your immediate pain and suffering, your slip and fall injuries can interfere with your relationship with your spouse and family, and your social life and the physical activities you enjoy. This lost value should also factor in to the slip and fall accident compensation that you are entitled to.

Calculation of Slip and Fall Compensation in New York

Once premises liability is established, the calculation of your compensation for your slip and fall injuries will be a fact-specific exercise. You will improve your chances of receiving a larger damages award if you have objective proof of the relevant facts.

  • Your actual medical expenses are easily verified with bills from doctors and hospitals. Keep receipts for prescription medications and medical devices that you need to help you recover. Compensation for anticipated future medical expenses will be determined by your general health and the nature of your injuries. Damages for some types of injuries, such as broken bones, are easier to prove than for soft tissue injuries.
  • You should retain all of your pay stubs, employment records, and tax returns to show a pattern of the wages and wage increases that you received.
  • If possible, keep a diary of your interactions with your spouse, family, and friends. That diary may show how your social and physical life has been adversely affected by your slip and fall injuries. Carefully record your real-time observations of pain and discomfort that you nay be experiencing.
  • Pay close attention to how your life has changed from before you suffered your slip and fall accident. Your testimony regarding the reduction of your activities as a result of your injuries may be beneficial in proving your pain and suffering.

Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley, P.C.: Attorneys for Slip and Fall Accident Victims

The Manhattan-based lawyers at Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley, P.C. understand how your life can change in an instant when you suffer a slip and fall accident injury. For more than fifty years, we have helped slip and fall accident victims in Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, and Long Island to collect compensation that can help them to recover their lifestyles and abilities.

Please see our website for more information about premises liability, damages for slip and fall injuries and other information about our legal services, or call us to speak with one of our experienced slip and fall accident lawyers about how we can help you to recover damages for your injuries. Do not hesitate to contact us, as delays in beginning the process of recovering your damages may hurt your opportunity for a larger damages award.

Additional Resources:

  1. United HealthCare, Cost Estimator, https://www.uhc.com/understanding-health-insurance/understanding-health-insurance-costs/manage-your-health-care-costs
  2. wikihow.com: How to Calculate Bodily Injury Settlements. https://www.wikihow.com/Calculate-Bodily-Injury-Settlements

Top 3 Liability Issues in Slip and Fall Negligence Cases

Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley, P.C.Slip And Fall Injuries

Slip and fall injury report on a table.In New York State, property owners have an obligation to exercise a reasonable amount of care to maintain safe conditions on their property and to prevent injuries to persons who are expected to visit that property. This obligation is the starting point for determining a property owner’s liability and to compensate someone who is injured as a result of a slip and fall accident on the property. Although this obligation seems relatively straightforward, the resolution of a slip and fall accident case is rarely simple.

The personal injury attorneys at Manhattan’s Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb & Green have successfully represented individuals in slip and fall accident cases for more than fifty years. We have seen some form of the following three liability issues in almost every slip and fall negligence case we have worked on.

Was the Injured Party a Guest or a Trespasser on the Property?

Property owners make an implied promise to guests and other persons who are invited or expected to visit their premises that the owners have taken reasonable steps to assure that the property is safe. Those steps include clearing away snow or ice, fixing cracks in walkways, and removing debris that can cause a visitor to trip and suffer an injury. Persons who are trespassing on a property do not receive this implied promise. In determining whether a property owner is liable for a slip and fall injury, determining whether the injured person was an authorized or expected guest, or was a trespasser, will be a critical issue.

Was the Injured Party Partially Responsible for His or Her Slip and Fall Injuries?

New York State applies pure comparative negligence rules to apportion liability in slip and fall cases. The damages that a property owner or its insurer owe to an injured party will be reduced in direct proportion to the injured party’s own responsibility for the accident. If, for example, the injured party was intoxicated, or was paying more attention to a mobile phone than to the property’s terrain, that party might lose a portion of the total damages that he or she might otherwise have recovered in a slip and fall lawsuit.

Was the Property Owner Aware of the Unsafe Condition that Caused the Slip and Fall Accident?

Property owners are generally responsible for staying aware of the conditions of their premises to confirm that no unsafe conditions are present, but there are limits on those responsibilities. A property owner is charged with repairing or warning of dangerous conditions that can be reasonably foreseen, for example, but the owner has a lesser obligation with respect to unforeseeable dangers. In almost every slip and fall negligence case, the specific circumstances of the dangerous condition will be a critical element in assessing a property owner’s liability for an injured party’s damages.

Other Slip and Fall Accident Case Issues

Slip and fall accident cases are not limited to these three liability issues. Other matters for consideration include:

  • A slip and fall lawsuit case must be filed within three years of the incident that caused the injury to meet the deadline requirements of New York State’s statute of limitations.
  • If the property owner is a landlord that leased the premises to another party, the landlord will generally not be liable for a tenant’s or other person’s injuries that are caused by a property condition unless the landlord was aware of the unsafe condition or maintained some level of control over the property.
  • Property owners owe a special duty to children under “attractive nuisance” considerations.
  • Owners and visitors are charged with using the property in an appropriate manner at the time of the accident.

Contact the Experienced Slip and Fall Accident Lawyers at Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb & Green

If you have suffered injuries in a slip and fall accident in Manhattan, the Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens, Staten Island, or Long Island, do not hesitate to call the experienced slip and fall accident attorneys at the law offices of Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley, P.C. We will analyze all of the liability issues that surround your accident and we will fight to get you the largest available damages award to compensate you for your injuries.

Additional Resources:

  1. FindLaw, New York Consolidated Laws, General Obligations Law – GOB § 9-103. No duty to keep premises safe for certain uses;  responsibility for acts of such users, https://codes.findlaw.com/ny/general-obligations-law/gob-sect-9-103.html
  2. NY State Bar Association, https://nysba.org/products/premises-liability-2019/

When Do I Need a Civil Rights Attorney?

Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley, P.C.Civil Rights

scales of justice in law libraryCivil liberties are a right bestowed upon all Americans. These freedoms ensure equal opportunities and equal treatment regardless of race, gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, political views, religion or disability. Repression, discrimination or mistreatment on the basis of any of these factors is not only unjust, but a federal violation. As a citizen of the United States, you are afforded protections for the freedom of speech, the right to due process, religion and assembly, and the right to petition against state and local governments.

When these basic freedoms are violated by individuals or representatives of government, victims have remedies for legal recourse. The Constitution of the United States protects citizens from unlawful infringement or abuses, whether committed by a public official, a workplace employer or a law enforcement agent.

Do I need a civil rights lawyer?

If you believe that your civil rights have been violated based on characteristics such as gender, national origin, or race, you are encouraged to speak with an experienced attorney who specializes in this complex area of law.

These violations are among the most deplorable because they involve trusted persons in positions of authority. Even one false arrest or wrongful conviction is too many, but the reality is this type of iniquity is all too common.

A skilled civil rights lawyer understands all facets of these constitutional protections and can help victims outline the best course of action for seeking redress and justice. Since these cases are some of the most challenging to investigate and pursue, it is essential to partner with an advocate who has extensive knowledge and experience.

Violations of civil liberties

A civil rights claim may arise from various violations and can be resolved through mediation, administrative reviews, settlement negotiations or trial.

Some common examples of civil rights cases include:

  • Police misconduct such as unlawful arrest
  • Unjust imprisonment
  • Police brutality
  • Prosecutorial misconduct
  • Workplace discrimination based on sex, race, religion or ethnicity
  • Unlawful searches and seizures
  • Wrongful conviction

Though challenging to litigate, a civil rights lawsuit can seek compensatory damages against the defendant – and in cases entailing particularly wanton conduct — punitive damages. An attorney can advise you on the merits of your case, the likelihood of success, and the projected timeline for litigation.

Effective representation in New York City

If you are seeking a tenacious New York City civil rights lawyer, look no further than Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley, P.C. Contact our practice for straightforward, candid guidance about your legal matter. If we agree to take on your case, there are no upfront legal fees since we operate on a contingency basis.

We will commit all of the necessary resources to properly investigate your claim, retain expert witnesses and present a compelling case that fights for truth, justice and the freedoms to which you are entitled. We represent clients throughout the greater New York City metro area and Long Island.

If your civil rights have been violated, don’t delay in reaching out for a private case review today. Call 212-307-5800 or 800-969-5389.

Additional Resources on Civil Rights Matters:

  1. Justia, Civil Rights Cases https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/109/3/
  2. Cornell Law School, Civil Rights https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/civil_rights

New York Construction Accident Deaths Reach “Epidemic” Proportions

Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley, P.C.Workers' Compensation

construction siteNew York construction accident statistics show a steep increase in serious injuries and fatalities, while safety inspections decline. The New York Committee for Occupational Safety & Health called the 71 New York State construction worker deaths in 2016 “an epidemic of construction fatalities.” The numbers reflect a workplace culture that is not as dedicated to safety as it should be. The vast majority of these incidents are preventable.

Behind the numbers, dozens of New York families are suffering in the aftermath of serious disability or sudden death. Contacting a NYC construction accident attorney at Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley will connect you with the services you need to receive expert medical care and pay for it through the exercise of your legal rights. Compensation for negligence claims may include past, present, and future medical expenses, loss of wages and productivity, emotional pain and suffering, and – in the event of death — loss of companionship and support, burial costs, and funeral expenses.

New York City Construction Accident Statistics

According to a report of the New York-Newark-Jersey City metro area published by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics on March 12, 2018:

  • Fatal work injuries totaled 222 in 2016 for the metro area.
  • New York City placed #1 in work-related fatalities among the 10 largest metros in the U.S.
  • Nationwide, there was a 7% increase in fatal injuries from 2015-2016.
  • Construction and extraction occupations had the highest number of fatal work injuries with 59.
  • Transportation and material moving workers were at second-highest risk of death with 43 fatalities.
  • Men accounted for 92% of victims, with Hispanic or Latino workers accounting for nearly a third of fatalities.
  • From 2011-2015, construction-related fatalities in the city increased from 17 to 25.
  • OSHA inspections fell about 27% from 2,722 in 2011 to 1,966 in 2015.
  • During that time period, the number of OSHA inspectors were reduced from 82 to 66.
  • Of 2,000 OSHA site visits in 2014, nearly 70% resulted in safety citations.
  • 80% of construction fatalities in 2014 and 74% in 2015 occurred at nonunion sites.

New York’s Epidemic of Construction Fatalities

New York City worker fatalities have gone up 21.3% within the last five years for which data is available, but the problem is not just relegated to the city. New York State in general saw a 29.5% increase in occupational death rate during that same time period.

Despite the fact that New York ranks among the 13 safest states in occupational fatalities, its construction fatality rate puts the state among the 10 most dangerous states for construction workers.

What to Do After an On-the-job Injury

Most construction site accidents result in serious injuries, from broken bones and traumatic brain injuries, to spinal cord damage and electrocutions. The first step is always to call 9-1-1 and seek immediate medical attention. Even if your injuries were not severe enough to require emergency care, you should still see a doctor in the days that follow to report any minor symptoms. Sometimes seemingly minor aches and pains turn out to be worse than expected in the long run. Be sure to report the accident to a construction manager, project owner, or other superior at once. Later, you may need to report the accident to OSHA and insurance providers.

If you suspect your injury was not entirely your own fault, you are probably right! It’s best to seek legal counsel right away to avoid dismissal of your construction accident claim. The statute of limitations for most negligence claims in the State of New York is three years from the date of the accident. However, claims against a government agency or public entity must be filed within 90 days, with a lawsuit to follow within a year. For fatalities, loved ones have up to two years from the date of the accident to file a claim on behalf of the deceased.

Call the New York Construction Accident Lawyers at Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley

If you work in New York City, Manhattan, Bronx, Long Island, or Brooklyn, have your on the job injury evaluated by a legal expert specializing in the field. Over the past 50 years, Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley, P.C. has developed a reputation for substantial personal injury settlements and jury awards. You need only look at some of our case summaries to get a sense of what we can achieve for you. Many of our NYC construction accident settlements have topped $1 million, $2 million, or even $3 million. Contact a New York construction accident lawyer for a free, no-obligation consultation to explore your full set of legal options.

Additional resources:

  1. Bureau of Labor Statistics – Fatal Work Injuries, https://www.bls.gov/regions/new-york-new-jersey/news-release/fatalworkinjuries_newyorkarea.htm
  2. NY Times – Construction Worker Deaths Up, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/27/nyregion/with-construction-worker-deaths-up-city-council-tightens-regulations.html
  3. NY Daily News – NYC Construction Deaths and Injuries Rise As Inspections Decline, http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/nyc-construction-deaths-injuries-rise-inspections-decline-article-1.2948948
  4. Construction Dive, Nearly Half of all Construction Worker Deaths Are Fall-Related, https://www.constructiondive.com/news/nearly-half-of-all-construction-worker-deaths-are-fall-related-database-fi/516410/

Common Car Accident Injuries You May Not Feel Right Away

Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley, P.C.Automobile Accident

If you have been in a car accident, there are potential injuries you might feel right away, such as bone and skull fractures, bruises, and torn ligaments. But there are also many common car accident injuries that people often don’t feel right away.

Not All Symptoms Occur Immediately

Woman with muscle injury having pain in her neckIn the aftermath of a car accident, you might feel shaken up, but not as if you have an injury. Fear and the desire to move out of a crash scene can make you ignore minor symptoms.

Some injuries, especially those to soft tissue, may actually not be felt for a long period of time after an accident — even for several weeks.

The fact that you don’t feel the injuries, though, doesn’t mean they are minor. Some can affect you physically for the rest of your life, and impact your quality of life as well. Some can even be fatal.

Here’s a brief overview of injuries you can sustain in a car accident, but not may feel right away.

Traumatic Brain Injury and Related Injuries

Your brain can be affected seriously in even a minor accident. If you’re rear-ended, for example, it can cause you to move suddenly forward and then back. That jostles the brain. It can result in a traumatic brain injury (TBI), concussion, or other head injury. These can occur without the head looking or feeling especially hurt.

If you have hit your head or had your head severely jostled, be sure to see a physician immediately after the accident. They can check for signs of concussion.

Other symptoms of brain injuries include headaches 48 to 72 hours post accident. These can result from neck injuries, brain movement, a concussion, or bleeding or blood clots in your brain. The latter two can be fatal if not treated.

Neck or Shoulder Pain or Stiffness

You might feel fine after a car crash, but then begin to feel pain or stiffness in the neck or shoulder. This is one of the most frequent symptoms to occur in the aftermath of an accident.

These symptoms are part of whiplash. The term whiplash derives from the way a body moves when a car is rear-ended. It moves abruptly back and forth, like a whip being cracked. This type of movement can result in soft tissue damage, which your doctor will not see on an X-ray. Whiplash can result in long-term or even permanent mobility issues.

Back Pain

If you’ve injured your muscles, nerves, ligaments, or vertebrae, you can develop back pain days or weeks after the accident. Back pain is particularly frequent in rear-end or hit-from-the-side accidents.

Experienced Car Accident Lawyers in New York

Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb & Green are experienced car accident lawyers. Please call us today at (212) 307-5800 for a free consultation about your case.

Additional Resources:

  1. Konet, Kyle. Arrowhead Clinic. “Delayed Car Accident Injury Symptoms To Pay Attention To.” https://www.arrowheadclinic.com/category/blog/delayed-car-accident-injury-symptoms
  2. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Motor Vehicle Crash Deaths. https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/motor-vehicle-safety/index.html

Hurt at the Mall? What You Should Do Now

Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley, P.C.Slip And Fall Injuries

Modern shopping mall interiorSchool is out and temperatures are rising, bringing many people to shopping malls. Shopping centers offer a convenient opportunity to browse dozens of stores, restaurants, and attractions in one stop, but the hustle and bustle can lead to slips, falls, and other personal injuries.

The good news is that if you are injured on someone else’s property, the law provides a remedy – but you have the burden of proving someone else was at fault. Here are some of the things the slip and fall lawyers at Friedman Levy look for when we represent New York clients in shopping mall personal injuries sustained in Brooklyn, the Bronx, and throughout New York City.

Liability for a shopping mall fall

Shopping malls, individual retailers, those hired to clean or maintain the location, and others may have a legal responsibility to ensure the location is safe for customers and anyone else invited onto the premises. When it can be shown that a defendant failed to take reasonable steps to keep the location safe, the defendant may be liable for the plaintiff’s injuries.

For example, if a customer trips on a box that a store employee left in an aisle, the retailer may be liable for the customer’s injuries. If someone is injured on a malfunctioning escalator, the mall owner and a company hired to maintain the escalator may be liable. In each instance, though, there must be evidence that the potentially liable party either did in fact know, or reasonably should have known, of the hazard but failed to fix it or warn others that it was there.

Compensation for mall injuries

If you trip on an uneven parking lot surface, slip on a wet floor, or suffer some other mall injury, and if the mall owner or some other party is liable, then compensation may be available to restore your losses.

The amount of compensation available depends on the circumstances of the case, including the severity of the injury, prognosis for recovery, and whether you bear any of the fault for the injury. Being partly to blame does not prevent recovery, but it can reduce it.

Compensation for mall injuries can include:

  • Reimbursement for medical expenses – both those already incurred and those reasonably anticipated because of the injury
  • Lost wages
  • Pain and suffering
  • Disability
  • Loss of consortium of a spouse

What to do after a mall injury

Time is of the essence, so if you are injured in a shopping mall, speak with a premises liability lawyer as soon as possible.

Under NY state law, a slip and fall lawsuit must be filed within three years of the injury. That may seem like a long time but it can pass quickly when you are dealing with the recovery from an injury. Also, it is important to preserve evidence before it is destroyed or key witnesses are no longer available.

If you have been injured in a shopping mall in New York, help yourself by calling the slip and fall attorneys at Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb & Green right away. We can help you determine whether someone else is liable and if so, take action to preserve the evidence you will need to secure a full settlement.

Construction Site Accident

Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley, P.C.Workers' Compensation

Construction Site Accident LawyersBecause construction work is inherently dangerous, the risk of injury to workers is greater than in other industries and workplaces. However, construction workers have a right to a safe work environment. While construction injuries are usually covered under workers’ compensation laws, it may be possible to pursue a lawsuit based on negligence against site owners, contractors, subcontractors, their employees and agents for violations of applicable safety laws.

There are number of causes of construction accident including:

  • Falls – from roofs, ladders scaffolding and other heights
  • Falling objects – improperly secured tools, equipment and construction material can fall and strike a worker, causing head, neck, brain and spinal injuries
  • Equipment accidents – workers can be injured by machinery and equipment such as forklifts, cranes, nails guns and dumpsters
  • Fires and explosions – hazards arise from exposed wires, flammable materials, blow torches and leaking pipes which can lead to catastrophic injuries and fatalities
  • Trench/ Building Collapses – workers can be buried, injured and killed in trench collapses or by buildings that are being constructed or demolished
  • Repetitive Motion Injuries – physical labor often requires bending and lifting that can lead to muscle and joint damage
  • Respiratory illnesses – as a result of exposure to dust, asbestos, and other pollutants

Construction accidents can lead to a variety of injuries and often times a qualified Construction Accident Lawyer in New York City is needed to get the maximum compensation for injuries and lost wages. For example, many injuries require fingers, toes and limbs to be amputated. In addition, broken bones and fractures are common as are shoulder, knee and ankle injuries. Workers can suffer head or brain injuries from falls or falling objects as well as spinal cord injuries or paralysis. Other common injuries include eye injuries or loss of vision, and hearing loss.

New York State Labor Law allows an injured construction worker to recover for certain types of construction accidents, even if no other workers were involved, such as falling off a ladder or scaffold, falling through an unprotected opening, or something falling onto them.

Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley, P.C. has been representing injured construction workers for more than half a century, and we invite you to speak to us about your construction accident.

Can You Sue City Hall?

Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley, P.C.Lawsuits

Can You Sue City Hall?Many individuals mistakenly believe that they cannot sue city hall, but this is not the case. Under the doctrine of sovereign immunity, town, city, county and state governments were once protected from most lawsuits. Today, those rules have been scaled back to some extent, and the government can be held responsible for personal injuries and property damage or unlawful conduct. Let’s take a look at personal injury and other lawsuits that can be brought against government entities.

There are a number of ways the government can be held liable for accidents and injuries. For example an individual who is injured in a slip and fall accident at a government office or facility may have grounds for a premises liability lawsuit. Similarly, a motorist or passenger who is injured in an accident with a government owned truck or car, or a motor vehicle being driven by a government employee or contractor while conducting official business, can bring a personal injury lawsuit.

In an addition, an employment lawsuit can be brought by a government employee for discrimination or wrongful termination against his or her government employer. Finally, law enforcement agencies can be sued for a wide range of civil rights violations.

In short, there are a number of legal claims that can be brought against the government. It is important to note that there are differences between suing the government and suing a private person or business.

For example, the time period to bring a personal injury claim against the government , referred to as the statute of limitations, is typically much shorter. Further, before filing a lawsuit, it is also necessary to provide a Notice of Claim to the government, agency, or employee within a set time period, usually 90 days in New York, notifying them that a lawsuit will be brought.

In the end, it is possible to sue city hall, so to speak, but there are a number of hurdles that need to be crossed. Moreover, some governments may still be immune from certain injury claims, depending on the state in which you live. If you were injured due to the negligent or illegal conduct of a government entity or employee, you should speak to an experienced attorney. If you believe you have a claim against a city, town, school district and government agency, contact the NYC civil rights lawyers at Friedman, Levy, Goldfarb, Green & Bagley, P.C. for a free consultation, and visit our website at friedmanevy.com.